Spinal Erectors

Spinalis Cervicis.
Attatchments:
Cranial- spinous processes of vertebrae C2 to C4.
Caudal- Spinous processes of vertebrae C7 to T2.
Action: extends the cervical vertebrae.

Spinalis Capitis.
Attatchements:
Cranial- medical occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines.
Cadual- spinous processes of vertebrae C7 to T1.
Action: Extends the cervical vertebrae and head; laterally flexes and rotates the head.

Spinalis Thoracis
Attatchement:
Cranial- Spinous processes of vertebrae T1 to T8
Caudal- spinous processes of berebrae T11 to L2.
Action: Extends the upper lumbar vertebrae and derotates the thoracic vertebrae.

Longissimus Capitis
Attatchements:
Cranial- dorsal mastoid process
Caudal- transverse processes of vertebrae C4 to T5
Action: extends, laterally flexes the head and cervical vertebrae. Rotates the head to the opposite side.

Longissimus Cervicis
Attatchments:
Cranial- transverse processes of vertebrae C2 to C6
Caudal- transverse processes of vertebrae T1 to T5
Action: extends laterally flexes the cervical vertebrae


Longissimus Thoracis-
Attachments:
Cranial- transverse processes of vertebrae T1 to T12, ribs 3 to 12 proximal to costal angles
Caudal- transverse processes of vertebrae L1 to L5, the quadratus lumborum fascia and the lumbodorsal fascia
Action: extends and laterally flexes the lumbar vertebrae. Rotator of the thoracic vertebrae

Iliocostalis Cervis
Attachments:
Cranial- posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of vertebrae C4 - C6
Caudal- angles of ribs 3 to 6
Action: extends and laterally flexes the cervical vertebrae

Iliocostalis Thoracis
Attachments:
Cranial- angles to ribs 1 to 6,
Caudal- ribs 7 to 12 medial to costal angles
Action: rotates thoracic vertebrae to the same side

Iliocostalis Lumborum-
Attachments:
Axial- angles of ribs 7 to 12, lubodorsal fascia
Pelvic- medial iliac crest
Action: extends and laterally flexes the lumbar vertebrae, same side rotator of the lower thoracic vertebrae